Globally, rice straw is the third largest agricultural residue, behind sugarcane bagasse and maize straw. Approximately one billion tons of rice straw are produced annually, but only a small proportion of this is used. The primary management strategies of rice straw farmers are burning in the fields and mulching.

Rice straws are also used to make a variety of handicrafts, including rice straw mats, hats, handbags and wall decorations. Made by hand or machine sewed is uniquely beautiful.